ÿþ040G0 1:



">;L:> >B25B - 0 10;;>2.



 0AAC645=8O ;8HL 4;O G0AB=>3> A;CG0O, :>340 A 4@C38<8 

A:>@>ABO<8, :@><5 5 8 6 :</G N=E30C75= 2> 2@5<O ?@>3C;:8 

=5 HQ;:



5A;8 ?@8 MB>< 2>7=8:0NB ?>;57=K5 4;O @5H5=8O 2 >1I5<

A;CG05 =5@025=AB20 - 4> 3 10;;>2;



5A;8 A>>1@065=89, ?>;57=KE 4;O >1I53> A;CG0O, =5

2>7=8:05B - 0 10;;>2.



 0AA<>B@5= B>;L:> A;CG09, :>340 10@>= HQ; @>2=> A

" / @07;8G=K<8 A:>@>ABO<8 - 4> 5 10;;>2.



040G0 2:

5@=K9 =01>@ G8A5; 157 >1>A=>20=8O - 0 10;;>2.



040G0 3:

">;L:> 25@=K9 >B25B (157 4>:070B5;LAB20)   1 10;;.



7 ?>4AG5B0 C3;>2 25@=> A>AB02;5=> C@02=5=85 =0 >AB@K9 

C3>; 8AE>4=>3> B@5C3>;L=8:0, ?>A;5 G53> A45;0=0 

0@8D<5B8G5A:0O >H81:0   6 10;;>2.



>:070=>, GB> AP=LP=CP; ?>A;5 MB>3> A 8A?>;L7>20=85< 

"=5 B>9" @02=>154@5==>AB8 B@5C3>;L=8:0 (AB=BK 2<5AB>

AB=AK) AGQB>< C3;>2 ?>;CG5= >B25B - 3 10;;0.



0<5G5=>, GB> AP=CP=LP 157 40;L=59H53> A>45@60B5;L=>3> 

?@>42865=8O - 1 10;;.



">B D0:B, GB> AP=CP=LP, <>6=> 8A?>;L7>20BL 157 >1>A=>20=8O.



040G0 4:

@8ACBAB2C5B 845O @0AA<0B@820BL ?>:070B5;8, A :>B>@K<8 

?@>AB>9 <=>68B5;L 2E>48B 2 @07;>65=85 G8A5; a 8 b, 

40;L=59H53> A>45@60B5;L=>3> ?@>42865=8O =5B   

=5 1>;55 1 10;;0.



 4>:070B5;LAB25 >B ?@>B82=>3> CB25@6405BAO 157 >1>A=>20=8O,

GB> G8A;> a 4>;6=> 45;8BLAO =0 45AOBCN AB5?5=L =5:>B>@>3> 

G8A;0; 87 MB>3> D0:B0 8 B>3>, GB> a < 1000, 2K2>48BAO 

?@>B82>@5G85 - 2 10;;0.



040G0 5:

45O GQB=>AB8 157 A>45@60B5;L=KE A>>1@065=89 > B><, 

:0: 5Q :>=:@5B=> ?@8<5=OBL 2 40==>9 7040G5 - 0 10;;>2.



KA:070=K A>>1@065=8O, 254CI85 : @5H5=8N (=0?@8<5@, GB> 

=5GQB=K5 @07=>AB8 2>7=8:0NB ;8HL 87 ?5@5E>4>2 ' 8 '), 

>AB02H85AO 157 ?@8<5=5=8O - 1-2 10;;0, 2 7028A8<>AB8 >B 

?>B5=F80;L=>9 ?>;57=>AB8 8 >1>A=>20==>AB8 CB25@645=89.



57 >1>A=>20=8O 8A?>;L7C5BAO CB25@645=85 > B><, GB>

2 ;N1>< :@C35 AC<<0 2A5E @07=>AB59 4>;6=0 1KBL GQB=>9

8;8 M:2820;5=B=>5 5<C - =5 1>;55 3 10;;>2.



@8=F8?80;L=> =5?>;=K9 ?5@51>@ (B> 5ABL =5 @0AA<>B@5=

E>BO 1K >48= A;CG09, =5 0=0;>38G=K9 @07>1@0==K<) - 

=5 1>;55 1 10;;0.



040G0 6:

@8=F8?80;L=> =5?>;=K9 ?5@51>@ - =5 1>;55 1 10;;0.



!D>@;C;8@>20=> 8 4>:070=> CB25@645=85, GB> :064K9 7=0:>< 

:0: <8=8<C< A B@5<O ;N4L<8. > =5 4>:070=>, GB> 2 MB>< 

A;CG05 >=8 <>3CB A5ABL 70 AB>; - 2 10;;0.



!D>@<C;8@>20=>, => =5 4>:070=> CB25@645=85, GB> :064K9 

7=0:>< :0: <8=8<C< A B@5<O ;N4L<8. >:070=>, GB> 2 MB>< 

A;CG05 >=8 <>3CB A5ABL 70 AB>; - 3 10;;0.



040G0 7:

">;L:> 25@=K9 >B25B - 0 10;;>2.



5@=K9 ?@8<5@ 4;O n=11 157 >F5=:8 - 3 10;;0.

@8 >BACBAB288 >1>A=>20=8O ?@8<5@0 4;O n=11 

>F5=:C =5 A=860BL.



>;=K9 @071>@ A;CG0O n>=12 157 ?@8<5@0 =0 11 - 3 10;;0.



A;8 ?@8 @071>@5 A;CG0O n=12 =0@8A>20=0 B0 65 @0A:@0A:0, 

GB> 8 2 >D8F80;L=>< @5H5=88, A:070=>, GB> >=0 =5 ?>4E>48B 

4;O k=6, => =8:0: =5 >1>A=>20=0 5Q 548=AB25==>ABL (= =5 

>1JOA=5= 0;3>@8B< 5Q ?>;CG5=8O) - 1 10;;, 5A;8 =5B ?@8<5@0

=0 11, 8 4 10;;0, 5A;8 5ABL. A;8 ?@54JO2;5=0 @0A:@0A:0,

>?8A0= ?5@2K9 H03 0;3>@8B<0 5Q ?>;CG5=8O 8 C:070=> =0 

0=0;>38G=>ABL 40;L=59H8E H03>2 - 2/5 10;;>2 A>>B25BAB25==>. 

A;8 ?@54JO2;5=0 @0A:@0A:0, >?8A0=K E>BO 1K ?5@2K5 2 H030 

0;3>@8B<0 5Q ?>;CG5=8O 8 C:070=> =0 0=0;>38G=>ABL 40;L=59H8E 

H03>2 - 3/7 10;;>2 A>>B25BAB25==>. A;8 >?8A0=K E>BO 1K ?5@2K5 

2 H030 0;3>@8B<0 ?>;CG5=8O @0A:@0A:8, C:070=> =0 0=0;>38G=>ABL 

40;L=59H8E H03>2 8 ?@>B82>@5G85 ?@8 k=6, => A0<0 @0A:@0A:0 =5

?@54JO2;5=0 - 2/5 10;;>2 A>>B25BAB25==>.



>:070=> B>;L:>, GB> n>=13 - 0 10;;>2.



040G0 8:

>:070=> B>;L:>, GB> Á(Q,AB) = Á(P,CD) (8;8 Á(P,AB) = Á(Q,CD)) 

  2 10;;0.



>:070=K >10 @025=AB20 Á(Q,AB) = Á(P,CD) 8 Á(P,AB) = Á(Q,CD), 

40;L=59H53> ?@>42865=8O =5B   4 10;;0.



CABL ?@O<0O PQ ?5@5A5:05BAO A AB 8 CD 2 B>G:0E M 8 N 

A>>B25BAB25==>. A;8 4>:070=>, GB> AM=MP, BM=MQ, CN=NP, 

DN=NQ (8;8 GB> A>>B25BAB2CNI85 B@5C3>;L=8:8 @02=>154@5==K5),

?@8 >BACBAB288 40;L=59H53> A>45@60B5;L=>3> ?@>42865=8O

- 1 10;;; B> 65 ?;NA E>BO 1K >4=> 87 @025=AB2 AM/MB=DN/NC 

8;8 AM-MB=DN-NC, 8;8 >10 MB8E @025=AB20 157 40;L=59H53> 

A>45@60B5;L=>3> ?@>42865=8O - 4 10;;0.



A;8 2 @5H5=88, B@51CNI5< @071>@0 =5A:>;L:8E A;CG052, @07>1@0=

E>BO 1K >48= ACI5AB25==K9 A;CG09, => 5ABL 8 =5@07>1@0==K5, B>

2 7028A8<>AB8 >B B>3>, =0A:>;L:> =5@07>1@0==K5 A;CG08 ?>4>1=K

@07>1@0==K<, 10;;K ;81> =5 A=8<0NBAO, ;81> A=8<05BAO 1 10;;.